开云体育-西悉尼流浪者赛前战术培训，提升比赛执行力(西悉尼流浪者ds)

　　伴随着逐渐响起的蛙声与蝉鸣，有多少人开始计划起了暑期出行？泰国作为一大热门旅游胜地，以其独特的风土人情吸引着世界各地的游客，尤其是各色诱人的街头小吃紧紧抓住了吃货的心（wei）。然而暑假去旅游的时候还能吃得上吗？小吃怎么了？且看下文分解。

泰国吃货打响曼谷路边摊捍卫

翻译&策划：王山而

校对：王卓

笔记&导读：王旻彦

　　Street food: Thai foodies defend Bangkok vendor culture

　　泰国吃货打响曼谷路边摊捍卫战！

　　本文选自 BBC | 取经号原创翻译

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　　Vallop Suwandee, who chairs an advisory board to the governor of Bangkok, was quoted as saying that street vendorswould be removed from all 50 districts of the city.

　　瓦勒普?苏万迪管理着一家为曼谷政府提供服务的咨询团队，据他说，曼谷50个区内的所有路边摊将被取缔。

　　vendor /v'end?r/ n. someone who sells things, especially on the street 小摊贩

　　It seemed that one of the most popular and distinctive aspects of Bangkok life was to be wiped out, days after CNN had voted Bangkok the best place in the world for street food, and just two months before the city government was planning to hold a street-food festival.

　　这意味着曼谷生活中最受欢迎、最具特色的部分将完全消失。前不久，美国有线电视新闻网刚刚将曼谷的路边摊评为全球之最；两个月前，曼谷市政府正计划举办路边摊节。

　　Mr Vallop now says he was misquoted: "Let me be clear, on behalf of the city of Bangkok. Street food will continue to be part of Bangkok life, on the condition that there will not be obstructions for pedestrians, and that the vendors observe sanitary rules in the interest of public health. We will allow them to be in certain areas, under strict conditions."

　　瓦勒普近日表示自己的原话并非如此，他说：“我代表曼谷澄清谣言。只要路边摊不阻碍路人通行, 遵守卫生条例，保证大众健康，它们就不会从曼谷生活中消失。我们会把路边摊集中安置在某些区域，对卫生环境提出严格要求。”

　　misquote /m'?skw'o?t/ v. to make a mistake in reporting what someone else has said 错误地引用，断章取义

　　This is not the first time the Bangkok Metropolitan Administration (BMA), which is responsible for running the city, has tried to impose order and standards on the hundreds of thousands of food vendors operating on the streets.

　　曼谷都市管理局负责曼谷的城市管理，这已经不是他们第一次对曼谷市内成百上千个路边摊施加命令和标准。

　　Right after the BMA was first established in 1972 it launched a similar campaign to force the vendors to operate in designatedmarkets instead.

　　1972年曼谷都市管理局成立之初就采取过类似的措施，强制将路边摊搬迁到指定的区域经营。

　　designated /'dez?gne?t/ adj. selected or named for a duty 被任命的，被指定的

　　Variations of that campaign were revived every few years but implementation has always been weak because the BMA recognised the vital role street vending played in providing a source of income in difficult economic times. Most of the time it has quietly chosen not to push too hard.

　　虽然每隔几年，就会出台相类似的措施，但是执行力度总是差强人意。因为曼谷都市管理局认识到，路边摊是经济疲软期的重要收入来源，所以大多数情况下，他们会心照不宣地降低对路边摊的打压力度。

小摊贩正在准备泰式甜品

　　This time may be different. The number of officially approved locations for street food vendors has been cut dramatically, from a peak of 726 four years ago to 243 by the end of last year.

　　但是这次情况却有所不同。官方批准的路边摊摊位数量大幅减少，从四年前顶峰时期的726个降至去年年底的243个。

　　Tens of thousands of vendors have been forced to move already, leaving many downtown areas like Siam Square, Asok and Silom with few or no street-food stallsnow visible during the day and night.

　　数以万计的摊贩已经被迫离开，暹罗广场、阿速车站和是隆路等市中心地区一整天就只有零星几个小摊或者根本看不见路边摊的踪影。

　　stall /st??l/ n. a table or a small shop with an open front, especially outdoors, where goods are sold 小摊，路边摊

　　The most recent area to be cleared is the increasingly wealthy neighbourhood of Thonglor. A small side street, or soi, which for many years had been famous for its street food, is no more, although city officials say the vendors were offered alternative locations in smaller sois further away.

　　最近即将被清理的区域是日益繁华的通罗街。这条街上多年来以路边摊著称的一条小巷子已经不复存在。曼谷官员说政府在更远更小的巷子里为小摊贩们提供了摊位。

　　The BMA is not being specific about its ultimate plans but it looks as though it aims to have street-food confinedto a very few well-known city-centre areas, like the backpacker hangout of Khao San Road and Yaowarat Road, which runs through the historic Chinatown area, and to be more widely permitted in outer city neighbourhoods.

　　曼谷都市管理局目前也没有确定最终的整改计划，但是基本策略就是将路边摊集中安置在少数几个出名的市中心景点，例如背包客常去的考山路和耀华力路，其中耀华力路是曼谷唐人街的主街道；或是在市郊为小摊贩提供更多的摊位。

　　confine /k?n?fa?n/ v. to keep someone or something within the limits of a particular activity or subject 限制

　　With growing numbers of tourists and commuters coming into the downtown area, Mr Vallop says there is not enough space for street vendors. A vendor may occupy a space where land prices run to many thousands of dollars per square metre, he told me - why should one person have that privilege? He said the BMA had received many complaints about blocked pavements.

　　瓦勒普表示，“因为越来越多的游客和上下班通勤的人涌入市中心，所以市中心已经无法为路边摊提供足够的空间。一个摊位占据的地方，每平米的地价可以涨到数万美元，为什么个人可以霸占地价如此昂贵的地方。同时，曼谷都市管理局已经收到很多有关街道拥堵的投诉。”

美味的泰式烤串

　　These arguments, though, have been lost in thefurore over the perceived threat to the city's much-loved street-cuisine.

　　这些争论对人气爆棚的路边小吃来说是一种威胁，最后都在群众的愤怒声中不了了之。

　　furore /?fj?.r???/ n. a sudden expression of anger among a large group of people about something that has happened 勃然大怒，公众的骚动，狂热

　　Chawadee Nulkair is aself-styled street food fanatic who publishes a blog, bangkokglutton.com, cataloguing her culinary discoveries. She opposes the BMA's move against the vendors, even though she acknowledges the inconvenience to pedestrians.

　　查瓦德?努卡尔自诩为路边摊狂热者，她专门开设了一个名为曼谷吃货（bangkokglutton.com）的博客，记录她发现的美食。即使她承认路边摊的确会给行人带来不便，她依然反对曼谷都市管理局针对路边摊贩所采取的行动。

　　self-styled /?self.sta?ld/ adj. as claimed by and for yourself often without justification 自称的，自封的

　　"As much as we complain about the clutterand the chaos," she told me, "this is what defines us. This street food is Thai culture. Motorbikes drive on the pavements here. Even without the vendors the pavements would still be awful."

　　她说：“我们所抱怨的杂乱不堪和混乱拥挤，恰恰是我们的城市特点。路边摊是泰国的文化。即便没有路边摊，摩托车也会在人行道上通行，人行道依旧不会畅通。”

　　clutter /?kl?t.??/ n. a large number of things that are scattered somewhere in an untidy way 杂乱的一团，混乱

　　Chawadee took me to Yaowarat Road, sometimes described as the birthplace of street food, and still one of the best places to eat in Bangkok. She explained how the Chinese immigrants, who settled in large numbers in the 19th Century, began cooking food along the roadsides to make a living, using simple stoves and iron woks.

　　查瓦德带我来到耀华力路，这里经常被称作是路边摊的发源地，也是在曼谷吃路边摊的最佳地点之一。她向我娓娓道来，19世纪大量中国移民来到泰国定居时，是如何靠简陋的炉子和炒锅卖路边摊谋生。

　　wok/w?k/ n. pan with a convex bottom; used for frying in Chinese cooking 带把的中国炒菜锅

　　That style of cooking, along with classic Chinese ingredients like noodles, significantly changed Thai cooking.

　　这种烹饪方式，辅之以面条等经典中国食材，极大地改变了泰国食物的风格。

路边摊是曼谷街边文化的重要组成部分

　　Street food has also become an essential service for the growing numbers of commuters, who may have long journeys to and from work, and limited time and space to cook at home.

　　路边摊也为日渐增多的通勤族带来了便捷。他们每天上下班路途遥远，要花费很多时间，导致在家做饭的时间有限，有一些人家里的厨房空间也有限。

　　commuter /k??mju?.t??/ n. someone who travels a long distance to work every day 通勤者

　　We passed a number of stalls sending out mouth-watering aromas into the night air, before settling on a stall Chawadee knew would cook an excellent prawnnoodle hot pot, a classic Thai-Chinese dish.

　　虾面火锅是经典的中式泰国菜，查瓦德知道一家虾面火锅味道一流的路边摊，我们寻找这家店的路上经过许多香味四溢，令人垂涎三尺的路边摊。

　　prawn /pr'??n/ n. 明虾，对虾

　　The kitchen was set out on the front steps of a bank, with the chef cooking fried rice and noodle dishes at lightning speed, sheets of flame curling around his blazing wok.

　　这家虾面火锅的摊位摆在一家银行的前门台阶上，厨师做炒饭和面条的速度飞快，火苗在炽热的炒锅旁翻滚。

　　The stall has been run by Voracha Rujarawan and her family for three generations. She is worried by the city government's plans. Already she has to make regular payments to local officials and the police. Now they are insisting she needs proper dish-washing facilities, although it is not clear how they can do that without running water.

　　这个摊位已经由瓦若奇?茹亚若宛和她的家人经营了三代。她对曼谷政府的计划表示担忧。她现在已经开始向地方官员和警察定期缴纳相关费用。他们现在坚称她需要相应的洗碗设备，但是并没有说明在没有自来水的情况下，要怎么使用洗碗机。

　　On cue, a uniformed municipal officer arrived and started questioning her at length about how she would meet the tougher new hygiene standards.

　　就在我们想用美食的时候，一位穿着制服的地方官员来到摊位前，开始详细地询问瓦若奇准备如何应对更加严苛的卫生标准。

这个摊位以美味的猪脚面闻名

　　The city's argument that public demand for better pedestrian access has also been challenged by a survey carried out by the Urban Design and Development Centre, a city planning project started by the architecture faculty at Chulalongkorn University, which is actually campaigning to make walking better in Bangkok.

　　朱拉隆功大学一直致力于改善曼谷人行道的通行情况，但是由朱拉隆功大学建筑系教师开展的城市规划项目以及城市设计与发展中心进行的一项调查，对曼谷政府认为公众需要更加通畅的人行道这一观点提出了挑战。

　　The UDDC Director, Niramon Kulsirisombat, says the survey of more than 1,000 respondents showed that food vendors were not considered the worst problem; in fact Bangkok's typically narrow pavements are such an obstacle course of electricity poles,hydrants, disused phone boxes and road signs that pedestrians usually find themselves walking in the road even without food stalls.

　　城市设计与发展中心主管尼拉曼说：“超过1000名受访者认为路边摊不是通行最大障碍。实际上，路人表示即便没有路边摊，曼谷本就狭窄的人行道上也随处可见其他障碍物阻碍通行，例如电线杆、消防栓、废弃的电话亭和路标。”

　　hydrant /h'a?dr?nt/ n. a water pipe in a street used to get water to stop fires burning 消防栓

　　She said there were too few channels for Bangkok's residents to have their views heard by the city government; that it took too much of a government-knows-best, top-down approach to development.

　　尼拉曼表示，在曼谷，政府和市民之间几乎没有什么沟通渠道。政府总是认为自己的决策就是最好的，从而采取一种自上而下的决策方式。

　　top-down /?t?p?da?n/ adj. a top-down way of organizing a business is one in which the most important people make decisions and tell the people below them what they should do 自上而下的

　　This criticism has also been applied to the BMA's controversial decision to demolisha historic community in old Bangkok to make way for a tourist park, and its ambitious plan to build a concrete walkway 10m (33ft) wide and 14km (nine miles) long, along the bank of the Chaophraya river.

　　曼谷都市管理局在“一言堂”模式下的多项举措也饱受诟病。曾决定拆毁曼谷老城区内具有历史意义的社区，为建设旅游公园腾出空间，该决定备受争议。此外，还雄心勃勃地计划在湄南河沿岸修建一条宽10米，长14米的混凝土步道。

　　demolish/d??m?l.??/ v. to completely destroy or end something; to prove that an idea or opinion is completely wrong 破坏，毁坏，否认

　　"The reasons the BMA gives for moving the street food, blocking the pavements and hygiene, are not enough. Like Singapore 50 years ago, when Lee Kwan Yew began modernising the city, they said we have to move all this street food chaos, that it is a symbol of a third world country. But actually, in Bangkok, you should see street food as a form of life support for so many people."

　　“因为阻碍人行道和卫生等原因，所以曼谷都市管理局决定搬迁路边摊，这样的理由难以服众。50年前，李光耀开始对新加坡进行现代化改造时曾说‘我们必须解决所有路边摊引发的问题，路边摊是第三世界国家的象征。’但是实际上在曼谷，路边摊是很多人赖以谋生的手段。”

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<原文链接：https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-39768764 >